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        <h6 id="专业基础篇内容简介："><a href="#专业基础篇内容简介：" class="headerlink" title="专业基础篇内容简介："></a>专业基础篇内容简介：</h6><p>在编程语言方面，推荐学习C、C++和Java这三个工业级的程语言。<br>理论学科方面，需要学习算法、数据结构、网络模型、计算机原理等内容。<br>系统知识方面会讲述 Unix/Linux 、 TCP/IP 、 C10K 挑战等专业的系统知识。</p>
<h6 id="最后给出了你可以选择的几大从业方向。"><a href="#最后给出了你可以选择的几大从业方向。" class="headerlink" title="最后给出了你可以选择的几大从业方向。"></a>最后给出了你可以选择的几大从业方向。</h6><ul>
<li>如果你对操作系统、文件系统、数据库、网络等比较感兴趣，那么可以考虑从事底层方面的工作。</li>
<li>如果对分布式系统架构、微服务、DevOps、Cloud Native等有热情，那么可以从事架构方面的工作。</li>
<li>如果是对大数据、机器学习、人工智能等比较关注，那么数据领域可以成为你一展身手的地方。</li>
<li>如果你对用户体验或者交互等更感兴趣，那么前端工程师也是个不错的选择。</li>
<li>此外，安全开发、运维开发、嵌入式开发等几大方向中，也为你提供了丰富多彩的发展空间。</li>
</ul>
<p>与孩子一起学编程 这本书以Python语言教你如何写程序，是一本老少咸宜的编程书。其中会教你编一些小游戏，还会和你讲基本的编程知识，相当不错。</p>
<h6 id="两个在线编程入门的网站："><a href="#两个在线编程入门的网站：" class="headerlink" title="两个在线编程入门的网站："></a>两个在线编程入门的网站：</h6><p> <a href="https://www.codecademy.com/catalog/subject/all" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Codecademy: Learn Python</a> 和  <a href="https://blackbird.school/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">People Can Program</a> ，你也可以在这两个网站上学习Python，只不过是英文的。</p>
<h6 id="在线编程的小练习"><a href="#在线编程的小练习" class="headerlink" title="在线编程的小练习"></a>在线编程的小练习</h6><p>可以到 <a href="http://www.codeabbey.com/index/task_list" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CodeAbbey</a> 上去做一些在线编程的小练习。</p>
<p>######　第二份入门教程，做个网页吧。<br><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web" target="_blank" rel="noopener">MDN的 Web开发入门</a> MDN全称是Mozilla Developer Network，你可以认为是Web方面的官方技术网站。这个教程会带着你建立一个网站。然后，你可以把你的网页发布在GitHub上。<br>这两份教程都很不错，都是从零开始，带着你从环境准备开发，一点一点地从一些简单而有意的东西入手，让你感觉一下编程世界是什么样的，相信这两个教程可以让零基础的你喜欢上编程。</p>
<h6 id="提高英文能力的建议"><a href="#提高英文能力的建议" class="headerlink" title="提高英文能力的建议"></a>提高英文能力的建议</h6><ul>
<li><p>1、坚持Google英文关键词，而不是在Google里搜中文。</p>
</li>
<li><p>2、在GitHub上只用英文。用英文写代码注释，写Code Commit信息，用英文写Issue和Pull Request，以及用英文写Wiki。</p>
</li>
<li><p>3、坚持到YouTube上每天看5分钟的视频。YouTube上有相关的机器字幕，实在不行就打开字幕。</p>
</li>
<li><p>4、坚持用英文词典而不是中文的。比如：<a href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">剑桥英语词典</a> 或是 <a href="http://www.dictionary.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dictionary.com</a> 。你可以安装一个Chrome插件 <a href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/google-dictionary-by-goog/mgijmajocgfcbeboacabfgobmjgjcoja" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Google Dictionary</a> 。</p>
</li>
<li><p>5、坚持用英文的教材而不是中文的。比如：<a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">BBC 的 Learning English</a> ，或是到一些ESL网站上看看，如 <a href="https://www.rong-chang.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ESL: English as a Second Language</a> 上有一些课程。</p>
</li>
<li><p>6、花钱参加一些线上的英文课程，用视频和老外练习。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h6 id="编程规范"><a href="#编程规范" class="headerlink" title="编程规范"></a>编程规范</h6><p>我们在写代码时，最好参考一些已有的最佳实践。为什么要有编程规范和最佳实践，要让所有人按一定的规范来编程呢？有下面几个主要原因。</p>
<ul>
<li>可以让你的代码很规整，这有利于代码易读性，从而可以更容易地维护。</li>
<li>提升开发效率，我们知道，效率来自于结构化，而不是杂乱。</li>
<li>可以让你的软件避免一些容易掉坑的陷阱，也让Bug更少，质量更高。</li>
<li>可以让团队成员更高效率地协作。</li>
</ul>
<h6 id="一些学习要点"><a href="#一些学习要点" class="headerlink" title="一些学习要点"></a>一些学习要点</h6><ul>
<li>学习HTML基本语法。</li>
<li>学习CSS如何选中HTML元素并应用一些基本样式。</li>
<li>学会用 Firefox + Firebug 或 Chrome 查看你觉得很炫的网页结构，并动态修改。</li>
<li>在一台Linux机器上配置LEMP - Ubuntu/Nginx/PHP/MySQL这个环境。</li>
<li>学习PHP，让后台PHP和前台HTML进行数据交互，对服务器相应浏览器请求形成初步认识。实现一个表单提交和反显的功能。</li>
<li>把PHP连接本地或者远程数据库 MySQL（MySQL 和 SQL现学现用够了）。<br>这里，你可能会问我，入门时有三个后端语言，一个是Python，一个是Node.js，一个是PHP，你对这三门语言怎么看？老实说，Python我还看好一些，PHP次之，Node.js最后。原因是：</li>
<li>Python语言的应用面还是很多的。（当然，性能可能会有一些问题，但是用于一些性能不敏感的和运维或是一些小工具相关的，还是非常好用的。另外，Python的应用场景其实还是很多的，包括机器学习和AI也有Python的身影。用Python来做一些爬虫、简单的中间件、应用或是业务服务也是很不错的。）</li>
<li>PHP也是一个比较主流的简单的语言（PHP在目前来说还是一个比较主流的语言，但其发展潜力有限，虽然可以让你找得到工作，但是一般玩玩就行了）。</li>
<li>Node.js 号称 JavaScript 的后端版，但从目前发展来说，在后端的世界里，并不能承担大任，而且问题很多。一些前端程序员用它来做后端的粘合层，我个人觉得这样做法只是掩盖前后端配合有问题，或是接口设计思维上的懒惰，我还是希望前端程序员应该认真学习一门真正的后端语言。</li>
</ul>
<h6 id="入门级的编程知识"><a href="#入门级的编程知识" class="headerlink" title="入门级的编程知识"></a>入门级的编程知识</h6><p><a href="http://note.youdao.com/noteshare?id=dbd9add9019f0b384e72dd1a50410274&amp;sub=wcp1534475113455460" target="_blank" rel="noopener">入门级的编程知识(有道笔记)</a></p>
<h6 id="23个设计模式"><a href="#23个设计模式" class="headerlink" title="23个设计模式"></a>23个设计模式</h6><p>学习面向对象的设计模式时，你不要迷失在那23个设计模式中，你一定要明白这两个原则：</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Program to an ‘interface’, not an ‘implementation’</p>
</li>
<li><ul>
<li>使用者不需要知道数据类型、结构、算法的细节。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><ul>
<li>使用者不需要知道实现细节，只需要知道提供的接口。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><ul>
<li>利于抽象、封装，动态绑定，多态。符合面向对象的特质和理念。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>Favor ‘object composition’ over ‘class inheritance’</p>
</li>
<li><ul>
<li>继承需要给子类暴露一些父类的设计和实现细节。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><ul>
<li>父类实现的改变会造成子类也需要改变。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><ul>
<li>我们以为继承主要是为了代码重用，但实际上在子类中需要重新实现很多父类的方法。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><ul>
<li>继承更多的应该是为了多态。</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h6 id="系统知识一些学习要点"><a href="#系统知识一些学习要点" class="headerlink" title="系统知识一些学习要点"></a>系统知识一些学习要点</h6><ul>
<li>用这些系统知识操作一下文件系统，实现一个可以拷贝目录树的小程序。</li>
<li>用fork / wait / waitpid写一个多进程的程序，用pthread写一个多线程带同步或互斥的程序。比如，多进程购票的程序。</li>
<li>用signal / kill / raise / alarm / pause / sigprocmask实现一个多进程间的信号量通信的程序。</li>
<li>学会使用gcc和gdb来编程和调试程序（参看我的<a href="https://blog.csdn.net/haoel/article/details/2879" target="_blank" rel="noopener">《用gdb调试程序》</a>）。</li>
<li>学会使用makefile来编译程序（参看我的<a href="https://blog.csdn.net/haoel/article/details/2886" target="_blank" rel="noopener">《跟我一起写makefile》</a>）。</li>
<li>Socket的进程间通信。用C语言写一个1对1的聊天小程序，或是一个简单的HTTP服务器。</li>
</ul>

      
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